Music, Physics, and Math: MUSICA Tells us What They Have in Common

musica_posterEarlier this year as I was working with the IMERSA conference hosts to bring shows to the meeting, Ryan Wyatt alerted us to the show MUSICA: Why is the Universe Beautiful? and suggested that we show it at the meeting. So, I contacted the producer to get the show on the Gates dome for the IMERSA Summit, and I’m glad I did.

From the moment that musical notes and physics equations appeared on the dome, accompanied by lush backdrops, views of flowers and galaxies, and set to gorgeous music, I was hooked. Judging by the remarks we heard from other attendees, MUSICA struck a chord in their souls, too.

We knew immediately that we wanted to bring this presentation to fulldome audiences. And, as I did when I saw Chaos and Order a couple of years ago, I thought to myself, “People NEED to see this show!”

Why do I say that? Quite simply, MUSICA takes the teaching of physics and mathematics, and even astronomy, out of their normal realm and relates them to music and art. That, to my mind, is a very cool way to teach all four subjects! In the dome, we have the flexibility to take our audiences out of the normal, everyday ways of learning things and help them to relate to objects such as sunflowers, seashells, DNA, and galaxies in a new way.

Certainly it has worked that way for astronomy. Where once we taught “flat” astronomy, we can now fly THROUGH space to visit places that are only dim, blurry objects through a telescope or the naked eye. We can tell the stories of astronomy in a full, rich way, and we’re no longer bound to the surface of Earth, if we don’t want to be. And, that includes using the beauty of art and music as part of the message.

Musica demonstrates the physics of music.

Musica demonstrates the physics of music.

So, imagine trying to teach the physics of waves in an artistic way. Sure, we’ve all done the pencil-and-paper route of deconstructing the equations to understand what each component tells us about waves. We’ve probably all seen videos showing how waves work. But, waves don’t exist without some context, and this is where music and art come in.

Let’s take music. It’s an art. It’s also mathematical, as anyone who has learned to play an instrument or sing can tell you. In physics you can deconstruct a musical tone (which is what examining the wavelength and frequency of that tone does). However, physics does NOT teach you what happens in your mind when you hear that tone, and all the other tones that make up a piece of music. Yes, the ear hears and transmits the tone, and at the point the tone hits your brain, something wonderful happens. The music you hear transports you and your imagination. It stimulates your mind, enforcing learning. It sends a message.

MUSICA Director Hiromitsu Kohsaka

MUSICA Director Hiromitsu Kohsaka

I spent some time talking with MUSICA director Hiromitsu Kohsaka about the science of music and art and what kind of message he hoped people would take from the show. He said, “We can feel the beauty of music without knowing the mathematical theory behind it. I think this is because we have an innate ability to sense its theoretical beauty.”

Hiromitsu wanted to explore what it is that stimulates our ability to perceive beauty in the cosmos.”In terms of the story, the challenge was to deal with a very complex theme and to explain it so that it made sense and that it was relatable,” he said. “The idea of the film was to describe the harmony of the universe through mathematics and music. But such an idea is tricky to explain, and it can easily become a film where it makes no sense at all. So that was a challenge.”

Those of us who know something about music AND science know this challenge all too well. How is it that a tune composed of individual notes and harmonies can spur memory and emotion? For example, whenever I hear Mark’s GEODESIUM piece called “Closer to Home” (on the album Fourth Universe), first composed for a Hubble Space Telescope show, I remember exactly where I was when I first heard it. I remember the section of the show it accompanied. Even more fascinating, as the piece goes along, it stimulates a positive emotion because it’s a pleasure to hear it.

Mark C. Petersen and MUSICA director Hiromitsu Kohsaka at IMERSA.  Image courtesy Mie Kohsaka.

Mark C. Petersen and MUSICA director Hiromitsu Kohsaka at IMERSA. Image courtesy Mie Kohsaka.

Technically, I suppose I could say that the chord progressions take me on a journey as well, as they present the melody and resolve themselves at the ends of musical phrases. I know (because Mark told me and also because I studied music for some years) about the harmonic structure that goes along with the rhythmic structure. All of those things float in my mind as I listen to the piece. But, the most important fact here is that the piece stimulates my memory and recall—and THOSE are things that we want to stimulate in education. Now, if I listen to that piece of music again, I’ll mentally visualize the wave forms creating the tones I’m hearing, and maybe even think about the physics equations that describe them.

THAT is about as multidisciplinary as it gets, folks! And, that’s why you want to have this show in your dome! Imagine being able to have a show that relates not just to the science geeks in your audiences, but speaks to musicians and artists and mathematicians in THEIR language.

The message of MUSICA is truly one of how to appreciate and understand the beauty of everything from flowers to galaxies, through math and phsyics. Hiromitsu talked about this during our conversation. “I think the same can be said about feeling beauty in nature and the universe; that we have an innate ability to sense the truth (meaning Musica) behind nature and the universe,” he said. “This is why we feel they are beautiful. That’s the message behind this film. I also wanted people to feel that one’s existence is extremely precious as we stand in the forefront of the evolution of the universe. And that we carry the key to finding the answers within ourselves.”

Mathematics describes the shape of a spiral galaxy, and Musica explains why it is beautiful.

Mathematics describes the shape of a spiral galaxy, and Musica explains why it is beautiful.

MUSICA was produced in Japan, and it embodies that wonderful aesthetic sense that the Japanese producers bring to their shows. It’s well-translated, and is not by any means a dry teaching lesson. It’s an aesthetic tone poem paying homage to the many ways that math, physics, art, and music combine to help us understand how and why objects in the universe exist and act as they do.

In answer to the question I sometimes get from clients about “Why should I buy this show?” I can only say, MUSICA will inform both the right and left sides of your brain. In the end, you’ll feel touched by the beauty the show has taught you to understand.

I invite you to explore MUSICA: Why is the Universe Beautiful? It conveys a sense of deep truth in nature and the universe, as Hiromitsu pointed out. “Mankind has tried to get close to that truth through religion and science, but I wanted to tell it through something more personal, from someone’s consciousness. I thought such theme would be perfect for an immersive fulldome film.”

It’s time we spread our wings in the dome and brought in MORE imaginative and beautiful shows like this. MUSICA teaches you music, physics, art, and math not because you’re supposed to be teaching science in the dome). It’s because music and art will teach you and your audiences to recognize the beauty of physics and math and the systems they describe. Together, all four will bring you a deeper appreciation of life and the cosmos in which it exists.

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Behind the Scenes, “Beyond the Arctic Circle”

An interview with the show’s producer

Gajane Kalatshjan picGajane Kalatshjan is the producer of Beyond the Arctic Circle, a fascinating trip to the north, created with her partner Vygantis Kirejevas. They are the principals of Benjamin River Productions, a new fulldome production group headquartered in Vilnius, Lithuania. The live-action show was originally shot at 5K resolution with a custom camera rig, and is now available through Loch Ness Productions. We asked Gajane to share some of her thoughts about creating the show.

LNP: What was the inspiration for the creation of Beyond the Arctic Circle?

GK: When it became technically possible to make an immersive fulldome film about the “real world”, a film about the North was a natural choice for us. It’s on the very edge of the civilized world and only a few people ever get to visit there. It’s amazing how rich the area actually is despite at first sight seeming white and empty. There are the reindeer, the huskies and of course, the Northern Lights.

It is the most magical yet most “down to earth” place that we have ever visited. The reindeer were just so friendly. The night before our first reindeer encounter we watched an episode of Man versus Wild – Arctic Circle where the survivor man, Bear Grylls, was hunting for reindeer and struggling to tame the beast. Suddenly it all seemed quite alarming, knowing that the next morning we were going to track down a herd of those “beasts” in the middle of the vast empty tundra, where it falls dark after 2 p.m. That was very unsettling. However, once we spotted the reindeer and carefully approached them, we managed to get close enough to get some amazing footage. At one point we were completely surrounded by the herd. Thankfully, our camera held up during the long shoot in -40 degrees Celsius temperatures so we could fully capture that amazing experience.

LNP: How much did the immersive space of the dome influence how you shot the video?

GK: Our purpose was to create an immersive film specifically and only for the fulldome medium. It had to take advantage of the dome geometry, utilize the entire dome, and offer a sharp image from edge to edge.

When you are out in the tundra, there are only the Northern Lights that can suddenly appear over your head and the husky-drawn sled that takes you on a roller coaster ride. The time does seem to slow down and that dictated the pace of the film.

We used as few effects as possible and let the audiences be present in the environment with minimal interference.

LNP: Who do you think is the main audience for Beyond the Arctic Circle?

GK: We see families with young children and school groups as the main audience. The story is in the form of a factual fairytale, where the main characters are 9-year-old Simon and his grandfather, who tells a story of an expedition to the North. Along the way we also get to learn the facts about the North and its inhabitants.

The film takes us to the unusual locations in the North. That’s why it is equally appealing also to general audiences. Currently, Beyond the Arctic Circle is the closest alternative to actually traveling there, which makes it a great experience for children as well as adults.

LNP: Many planetariums are in schools and their programs must fit into specific curriculum requirements. What would you tell a teacher about the scientific and cultural principles that this show teaches?

GK: Our aim from the very beginning has been to educate while entertaining. With the new fulldome technologies, it’s possible to achieve high image quality for live-action filming. That lets us expand to the natural sciences, where usually abstract concepts are sometimes difficult to understand. That’s where visualization and concretization can provide real benefits.

Beyond the Arctic Circle introduces two of the world’s coldest biomes and explains how life can survive in such extreme conditions. It is well suited to be used as an additional study material in such subjects as biology and botany, for example. The show explains what is necessary for life to thrive and demonstrates life’s amazing capabilities to extreme environments. In this film the purpose is not necessarily to give a detailed and comprehensive knowledge about specific subjects but rather to spike interest and expand the understanding of nature’s diversity. Think of it as a virtual field trip to the North where learning takes place directly from the environment.

The fulldome medium is a perfect fit for educational purposes using natural human curiosity to study directly from the environment. It motivates students to learn more easily. We are currently developing an Immersive Classroom concept to produce content specifically in accordance with school curriculum needs. Our purpose is to produce content on STEM subjects, which helps students in two ways: first, to understand the very basic concepts in natural sciences and second, to deepen the learner’s understanding by demonstrating the connections between the formulas in the textbooks with the surrounding environment. Immersive Classroom will also provide a perfect grounds for introducing students to scientists from different STEM fields in their natural working environments as suitable role models.

LNP: Have you shown this to audiences yet? What was their reaction?

GK: Our big premiere will be this year at Jena Fulldome Festival, however we have shown the film to school kids and smaller audiences locally here in Lithuania as well as to professionals in the field all around the world. Of course, the children loved the huskies, the reindeer and the Northern Lights display, which provides us the most joy. We have received very positive feedback from our colleagues, especially for our image quality. It is what allowed us to create a truly immersive experience.

LNP: Thank you, Gajane!

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Dark Skies Awareness

Learn about Light Pollution in Losing the Dark

ltd_poster_tThis week is International Dark Skies Awareness week, a time when people around the world are asked to help solve some of the solutions posed by light pollution. In celebration, we are pleased to note that the video we produced for the International Dark-Sky Association, called Losing the Dark, is featured on Space.com, as well as on the IDA’s web site and on other sites around the world. We featured it in an announcement here and asked people to fill out a survey about how they used the video in their theaters and in other outreach situations here. The video is still available and the survey is still going, so you’re welcome to download/acquire the show and give us your feedback.

If you’re a fulldome or classic planetarium theater and haven’t yet gotten this show, please check out the links above. Help us and the IDA spread the word about dark skies awareness to your audiences!

 

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